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Thung Kula Ronghai
Land Development for production of the best
Jusmine rice in the
world
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The
Thung Kula Ronghai Land Development Project has begun since the
fiscal year 1981. The objective of
the project is to help the property of 400,000 people in 2.1
million rais at the Thung Kula Ronghai lands. The
project area consists of 5 province including Surin. Mahasarakram,
Srisaket, Roi Et and Yasothon Province. The agricultural lands were
affects with degraded physical, chemical and biological environment,
caused to decrease rice yield and agricultural productions. They
affected to the life quality of people in the Thung Kula Ronghai
lands for the past 21 years. At present
2002, the project is carried on by the Land Development
Department, Ministry of Agriculture on Cooperatives
and the 21 official organizations. These
official organizations give an opportunity to people in the project
area to enable them to live on the basis of self-help economy like
people in other area. The obvious benefit
is that farmers in the project have obtained increasing rice yield
of Kao Dok Mali 105 which is greater than two-fold every year.At
present,they can grow rice for 4 of 5 years unlike 1 of 5 years
in the past |
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Degraded environment in the
past |
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The
past degraded environment of the Thung Kula Ronghai area
is the lands that is low benefit returns. To considerate deeply,
it was found that cause and factors pollute the environment consist
of the following. |
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Salt-affected lands
was increasing from 17% (1974) up to 27% (1984). It
is because of the Thung Kula Ronghai area located on the salt rocky
layer of Maha sarakarm series, these salts easity rise to the soil
surface or root zone |
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Water deficit
and flooding has occurred alternately in the period of growing
rice, affected to rice growth and yield. Besides, dry-wet
alternation condition also accelerate salts rising to the soil surface
and cause to increase salt-affected lands. Furthermore, when soil
moisture of root zone decrease, causing to empty soil pores and
air diffuse into these pores and soil acidity (pH) decrase rapidly
in duration is not more than 5 days. This cause to release
aluminum into soil and they are toxicity. Salt-affected
soils, aluminum toxicity soils and water deficit soils cause wilting
and death to rice. These mentioned impacts
are the serious Disaster to people in the Thung Kula Ronghai lands. |
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Suffering from the
2 causes mentioned affect to farmers poverty and lacks of capitals
to increase soil fertility. |
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Eliminating the cycle of
endless poverty |
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To
eliminate this cycle, it is achieved by using soil and water
conservation methods which consist of integration
of various sub-measures. These measures are implemented
by the Land Development Department and 21
official organizations as the following. |
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Forest rehabilitation and preservation
of those forest plantation |
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Establish a surface
water and salt drinage control system including water collecting
system such as rain water and stream water or water from rivers
from adjacent area. |
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Establish a transportation
system in the project area. Roads are as the real economic lines
of the country. They bring on a brightness to
the lands and facilitate transportation of the important input products
sush as rice varieties, fertilizers and pesticides to the field. |
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Improved soil fertility
by addition of organic matter avail fertilizers into the soil. The
purpose in to supply plant nutrients and cut off a pathway of salt
rising and reduce the solubility of toxic aluminum into the soils |
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Establish cropping
system for soil and water conservation related to rice production
which lead to obtain sufficient revenue . |
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Application of the
New Theory of the King Agriculture in combination with the 5 sub-measures
as mentioned |
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The
Land Development Department cooperated with the
Royal Forest Department carried on forest plantation in the problem
area including demonstration and extension to prepare compost and
green manure so as to improve soil fertility. However, the
Land Development Department has implemented land Remodeling covering
700,000 rais by constructing canal system to control water and salt
drainage system and water collecting system for rain water, stream
water or water from rivers from adjacent area. Soil removed from
the canal construction was used for transportation and maintenance
of canal system to sustain the success of the Thung Kula Ronghai
lands. |
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At
present the degradation on physical, chemical, biological and socio-economy
of environment has been improved continuously. Paddy field improvement
work was established to favor the environment condition to grow
Kao Dok Mali 105 for the nearer future exporting. At present, the
Thung Kula Ronghai Land Development Project is the lands of the
best Hom Mali rice production to feed Thai population and over the
world. |
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For more information
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Please contact
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Land Development Region
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Land Development Station
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Public Relations Sub-division,
Office of the Secretary, Land Development Department, Phaholyothin
Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 Thailand Tel. 0-2579-8515
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E-mail : ofs_5@ldd.go.th or egd_1@ldd.go.th
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Volunteer Soil Doctors
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